So you’ve just brought your newborn home and are already thinking about what to feed them from now until they’re around one year old. When do you switch from breastmilk or formula to solids? How do you boost your milk supply? Which solids are best and when should you introduce them? How can you make your own baby food? I spoke with two nutritional professionals to find out.

0–6 months

Breast is best

Breastmilk provides all the nutrients a baby needs for the first six months at least and contains the perfect balance of fatty acids, lactose, amino acids and water. Breastfeeding contains oodles of immune-boosting nutrients and lowers your baby’s risk of allergies, ear infections, infections, eczema, asthma, urinary infections, to name a few, plus it’s eco-friendly and free — saving you $1000–$2000 a year.

Nutrition while breastfeeding

Be careful what you eat, as traces of it end up in your breastmilk! Common aggravating foods (eg causing increased wind and irritability) for baby include chocolate, citrus fruits, spicy foods, cauliflower, prunes, onion, cabbage and foods containing caffeine.

While breastfeeding, make sure you eat a balanced, healthy diet (and don’t skip meals), get as much rest as possible and drink at least two litres of water a day. If you’re having problems establishing or increasing your milk supply, try the herbs fenugreek, milk thistle, fennel and/or blessed thistle. There are also nursing herbal teas in healthfood stores that may help.

Formulas

If you can’t (or don’t want to) breastfeed, formulas are the only other safe option. You can buy formulas specially developed for babies with colic, reflux, lactose intolerance, constipation and always hungry bellies. Vegans will love soy-based formulas and there are also organic and goat’s-milk-based types sold in supermarkets and healthfood stores.

When to start solids?

Nutritionist, mother-of-two and author of What Do I Feed My Baby? (www.sneakys.com.au), Leanne Cooper, says the best time to start is when baby is between four and six months old and is showing signs of readiness: “Baby should be able to hold his or her head up well so the throat is unobstructed; you should see a diminished tongue-extrusion (poking) reflex, which shows they are moving away from sucking to chomping; and they show a clear interest in food.”

Guide to starting solids

Naturopath, medical herbalist, nutritionist and author of Elixir, Janella Purcell, says the first solids you give your baby determine what they crave later in life. Here’s her advice on starting solids, the holistic way:

4–6 months

“Start introducing puréed vegetables — pumpkin first then sweet potato and carrots. Fruit such as red apples, bananas and pears are also fine. Puréed sweet potato is a lovely combination that freezes well in an ice cube tray and may be served with rice cereal [after six months is best] or as a dessert with goat’s yoghurt.”

Mix rice cereal with bancha tea for calcium or use breast (first preference) or goat’s milk. “Goat’s milk has about 10 times the amount of fluorine of cow’s milk, which is important for immunity, teeth and bones,” she says.